Using the neo-classical theory of production economics as the analytical framewo rk, this book, first published in 2004, provides a unified and easily comprehens ible, yet fairly rigorous, exposition of the core literature on data envelopment analysis (DEA) for readers based in different disciplines. The various DEA mode ls are developed as nonparametric alternatives to the econometric models. Apart from the standard fare consisting of the basic input- and output-oriented DEA mo dels formulated by Charnes, Cooper, and Rhodes, and Banker, Charnes, and Cooper, the book covers developments such as the directional distance function, free di sposal hull (FDH) analysis, non-radial measures of efficiency, multiplier bounds , mergers and break-up of firms, and measurement of productivity change through the Malmquist total factor productivity index. The chapter on efficiency measure ment using market prices provides the critical link between DEA and the neo-clas sical theory of a competitive firm. The book also covers several forms of stocha stic DEA in detail.